Volcanoes :)
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A volcano is an area on the Earth's surface where magma, or molten rock, and volcanic gases pass, and then magma turns into lava as it touches the Earth's surface. There are two types of eruptions, they are explosive and nonexplosive. Nonexplosive eruptions are a very common type of eruption, and are very calm.Explosive eruptions are very rare unlike the nonexplosive eruptions. They can blast a large rock and lava from the volcano. Inside a volcano there is a magma chamber, which is a place where magma sits. There are also vents, which are cracks that are coming from the magma chamber. There are four types of lava. The four types of lava are Aa lava, Pahoehoe lava, Pillow lava, and Blocky lava. Pyroclastic material is magma that was erupted from a volcano and hardened in the air. The pyroclastic flow is very dangerous and is a volcanic flow. The four types of pyroclastic material are Volcanic Bombs, Lapilli, Volcanic Ash, and Volcanic Blocks. There are three types of volcanos which are a Shield Volcano, Cinder Cone, and Composite Volcano. Shield Volcanoes do not have very steep sides and have nonexplosive eruptions, and Cinder Cones have explosive eruptions and normally only erupt for a short period of time. Composite Volcanoes, sometimes called stratovolcanoes, are very common, and they have broad bases and steep sides. A crater is at the top of volcanoes, and it is funnel-shaped. A large semicircle depression that forms when the magma chamber partially empties and the roof collapses is a caldera. A volcano is normally found near a tectonic plate, but a hot spot is a place where a volcano erupts far from a tectonic plate. A lava plateau is formed when many eruptions happen, then lava is spread over a large area. A deep set of cracks in the earth are called rift zones. Volcanoes can be very amazing and not a great thing. (Holt Science and Technology, Earth Science pg. 250- 265)